Dental biofilm is a three-demensional
structure of syntrophic microorganisms
that adhere to each other and to a surface.
The bacteria and other microbiome cells
are encased in a slimy extracellular
matrix made up of extracellular polymeric
substances, and has been described as
'cities for microbes.' Biofilms can
develop on living and nonliving surfaces.
Single microbial cells platonically floating
in the liquid medium of saliva actually
change their physiological function once
they become embedded in the matrix of
the biofilm, and can then become involved
in tooth decay and gum disease.
Dental biofilm can evolve, thicken, and mature
if not removed and can eventually calcify
into hardened calculus.
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